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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid cooling, which can be achieved utilizing indirect or straight methods, is used in electronics applications having thermal power densities that may go beyond safe dissipation with air cooling. Indirect liquid air conditioning is where warm dissipating electronic parts are literally separated from the fluid coolant, whereas in case of direct air conditioning, the components are in direct contact with the coolant.


Nonetheless, in indirect cooling applications the electric conductivity can be vital if there are leaks and/or splilling of the liquids onto the electronic devices. In the indirect air conditioning applications where water based fluids with deterioration inhibitors are generally used, the electric conductivity of the liquid coolant mostly depends on the ion focus in the liquid stream.


The increase in the ion concentration in a closed loop liquid stream may happen as a result of ion seeping from metals and nonmetal parts that the coolant fluid is in contact with. During operation, the electrical conductivity of the fluid may increase to a degree which can be damaging for the air conditioning system.

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(https://slides.com/chemie999)They are grain like polymers that can exchanging ions with ions in an option that it touches with. In the existing work, ion leaching tests were performed with various metals and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is treated to the highest degree of pureness, and reduced electric conductive ethylene glycol/water mix, with the gauged adjustment in conductivity reported with time.


The samples were permitted to equilibrate at room temperature level for 2 days before recording the first electric conductivity. In all examinations reported in this research study liquid electric conductivity was determined to a precision of 1% using an Oakton disadvantage 510/CON 6 series meter which was adjusted before each dimension.

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from the wall heating coils to the center of the heater. The PTFE example containers were positioned in the furnace when constant state temperature levels were reached. The examination arrangement was removed from the furnace every 168 hours (seven days), cooled to area temperature with the electric conductivity of the fluid gauged.


The electric conductivity of the fluid sample was kept an eye on for a total amount of 5000 hours (208 days). Figure 2. Schematic of the indirect closed loop cooling down experiment set up - high temperature thermal fluid. Table 1. Parts utilized in the indirect closed other loop cooling experiment that are in contact with the fluid coolant. A schematic of the experimental arrangement is displayed in Number 2.


Before beginning each experiment, the test configuration was washed with UP-H2O a number of times to eliminate any kind of pollutants. The system was filled with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was enabled to equilibrate at room temperature for an hour before taping the first electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Liquid electrical conductivity was gauged to a precision of 1%.

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The change in fluid electric conductivity was monitored for 136 hours. The liquid from the system was gathered and saved.


Table 2 reveals the test matrix that was used for both ion leaching and closed loophole indirect air conditioning experiments. The modification in electric conductivity of the liquid samples when mixed with Dowex blended bed ion exchange material was determined.


0.1 g of Dowex material was contributed to 100g of liquid samples that was taken in a separate container. The mix was mixed and change in the electrical conductivity at area temperature level was measured every hour. The measured change in the electric conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC examination liquids consisting of polymer or metal when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C is revealed Figure 3.

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Ion seeping experiment: Measured adjustment in electrical conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants consisting of either polymer or metal samples when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results show that steels added less ions right into the fluids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants.




Liquids including polypropylene and HDPE displayed the most affordable electric conductivity changes. This might be because of the short, stiff, straight chains which are much less most likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular pressures. Silicone likewise did well in both examination liquids, as polysiloxanes are generally chemically inert as a result of the high bond power of the silicon-oxygen bond which would stop destruction of the product right into the fluid.

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It would be expected that PVC would create similar results to those of PTFE and HDPE based on the comparable chemical structures of the products, nonetheless there might be various other impurities existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that might impact the electrical conductivity of the fluid - therminol & dowtherm alternative. In addition, chloride groups in PVC can also leach into the test fluid and can cause an increase in electric conductivity


Polyurethane totally broke down into the test liquid by the end of 5000 hour test. Before and after pictures of steel and polymer samples immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Calculated change in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a feature of time with and without material cartridge in the closed indirect air conditioning loophole experiment. The gauged adjustment in electric conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange material in the loophole is displayed in Figure 5.